Learned by Heart by Emma Donoghue

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Emma Donoghue’s new novel, Learned by Heart, is the story of Anne Lister and Eliza Raine, two real historical figures. Lister, best known for her diaries in which she writes about her lesbian relationships as well as her daily life in West Yorkshire, has been made famous to modern audiences thanks to the recent BBC/HBO drama series, Gentleman Jack. Eliza Raine, her first lover, is believed to be a possible inspiration for Bertha Mason, Mr Rochester’s wife in Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre.

Eliza was born in Madras (now Chennai), the younger daughter of an Indian mother and an English father, who was working there as a surgeon for the East India Company. Following her father’s death, Eliza and her sister were sent to England to live with a Yorkshire family, the Duffins. We join Eliza at her boarding school in York, where she has made several friends but still feels that she doesn’t entirely fit in due to her background and skin colour. When Anne Lister arrives at the school one day in 1805 and is told to share Eliza’s bedroom, Eliza is immediately drawn to the new girl. Lister, as she prefers to be known, is a strong personality – intelligent, rebellious and an ‘outsider’ like Eliza herself. As the two grow closer, their friendship develops into romantic love, but as two fourteen-year-olds in 19th century England they are denied the freedom to be who they really are.

Interspersed with the account of their schooldays are several letters written by Eliza to Lister ten years later. Through these letters, we are aware from the beginning of the novel that Eliza will end up in an asylum, but we don’t know exactly how or why she came to be there. Although we do learn a little bit more as the story progresses, it’s not fully explained until Emma Donoghue’s author’s note at the end of the book. The novel itself concentrates almost entirely on Lister and Eliza’s time at the Manor School in York, something I hadn’t expected when I first started reading, and I do feel that rather than the letters, it would have been more interesting to have had a sequel continuing the story after they leave school and become adults.

After last year’s Haven, an unusual novel about a group of 7th century monks settling on an uninhabited island, Donoghue is on more familiar territory with this one (several of her earlier books have also been set in the 18th and 19th centuries). A huge amount of research has obviously gone into the writing of this book and her portrayal of everyday life in an English girls’ school during the time of the Napoleonic Wars feels vivid and real. However, I don’t think we really needed so many long, detailed descriptions of every game the girls played at school!

Anne Lister is an intriguing character and seeing her only through Eliza Raine’s eyes gives a real sense of the qualities that Eliza finds so attractive. It also means that we don’t fully get to know Lister or to understand her innermost thoughts and feelings, so she is always surrounded by a slight aura of mystery. I didn’t always like her and as she was clearly the dominant force in their relationship, I felt concerned for Eliza as it seemed obvious she was going to get hurt.

As I’ve said, I think I would have been more interested in learning about the adult lives of the characters, but I did still enjoy the book and thought it was a great introduction to the lives of these two fascinating women.

Thanks to Picador for providing a copy of this book for review via NetGalley.

This is book 14/20 of my 20 Books of Summer 2023

This is book 35/50 for the 2023 Historical Fiction Reading Challenge.

Top Ten Tuesday: Historical novels I read pre-blog

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This week’s topic for Top Ten Tuesday (hosted by That Artsy Reader Girl) is “Genre Freebie (Pick a genre and build a list around it.)”

As you all probably know by now, my favourite genre is historical fiction. For this week’s list, I decided to highlight some books I haven’t mentioned here very often because I read them before I started my blog in 2009. I’ve included a good variety of different time periods and geographical settings, so I hope there’ll be something to interest everyone.

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1. Sarum by Edward Rutherfurd – I’ve read and enjoyed all nine of Edward Rutherfurd’s books, each of which explores the history of a specific city, region or country, usually over a period of many centuries. I’ve only reviewed his two most recent books, Paris and China, but I think his earlier ones were better, including Sarum which is set around Salisbury and Stonehenge and follows five families from the Ice Age to the present day.

2. North and South by John Jakes – The first in a trilogy in which we follow two families, the Mains from South Carolina and the Hazards from Pennsylvania, before, during and after the American Civil War. I enjoyed all three books, particularly the first two, and also loved the star-studded 1980s miniseries. I felt that the story being told from both perspectives – north and south, Union and Confederacy, slave owner and abolitionist – helped me understand the Civil War in more depth than other books I’ve read.

3. Cloud Mountain by Aimee Liu – I read this when it was first published more than twenty years ago and loved it. It’s about an American woman who marries a Chinese man in the early 20th century – a time when this was not considered acceptable – and it explores issues including racism and prejudice, war and revolution, all set during a fascinating period of Chinese history.

4. Katherine by Anya Seton – Again, I’ve reviewed a few of Anya Seton’s books on my blog, including Devil Water and Dragonwyck, but not my favourite, her 1954 novel Katherine, which tells the story of Katherine Swynford, mistress of John of Gaunt (son of Edward III). It’s much more than just a romance – I loved Seton’s vivid and memorable portrayal of medieval England.

5. The Thorn Birds by Colleen McCullough – Another classic family saga I enjoyed when I was younger, this time set on a fictional sheep station in Australia where the story of Meggie Cleary and the priest Ralph de Bricassart plays out. It’s also another one that was made into a successful TV miniseries, although in this case I think I preferred the book.

6. Into the Wilderness by Sara Donati – This is the first of a series of six novels, although I lost interest after the third one and haven’t read the rest. The first book introduces us to Elizabeth Middleton, who leaves England in 1792 to join her family in a remote New York mountain village. Donati has said the series was loosely inspired by James Fenimore Cooper’s The Last of the Mohicans.

7. The Bronze Horseman by Paullina Simons – The first in a trilogy set in Leningrad, now St Petersburg, during World War II and following the story of Tatiana Metanova and her love for the Red Army soldier Alexander Belov. The horrific descriptions of life during the Siege of Leningrad, where the people suffer from the actions of both the Nazis and their own communist government, will stay with me forever.

8. The Physician by Noah Gordon – I loved this book and its sequel, Shaman, and have been meaning to re-read both for years, although I never have. It tells the story of Rob J. Cole, a boy who grows up in 11th century England dreaming of becoming a physician and who later makes the long journey to Persia looking for an opportunity to study medicine and fulfil his dream.

9. Forever Amber by Kathleen Winsor – My edition of this book states “The original bodice-ripper is back in print”, which is quite amusing as this 1944 novel is very tame by today’s standards. It follows the adventures of Amber St Clare in Restoration England, during the plague and the Great Fire of London and although I can’t remember much of it now, I do remember being shocked by the unexpected ending!

10. Shogun by James Clavell – I haven’t read much historical fiction set in Japan, but I did read this one, about a 17th century sailor and navigator, John Blackthorne, who is shipwrecked on the coast of feudal Japan. The character is based on William Adams, the first Englishman to visit Japan. I remember finding the book interesting, but it wasn’t one I particularly enjoyed and haven’t been tempted to read again.

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Have you read any of these? What are your favourite historical fiction novels?

Throne of Jade by Naomi Novik

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Throne of Jade is the second book in Naomi Novik’s Temeraire series set during an alternate version of the Napoleonic Wars where domesticated dragons are used for aerial warfare. It’s been a long time since I read the first book, Temeraire – in fact, I was shocked to discover that it’s been eight years! – but I found that I could pick up the story again without too much trouble and will try not to wait so long before starting the third one.

If you’re not a fan of fantasy and are put off by the mention of dragons, I can reassure you that the dragons are the only real fantasy element in these books (at least in the two that I’ve read) and they feel much closer to the seafaring historical novels of Patrick O’Brian than anything else. In Novik’s series, dragons have existed for centuries and by the time of the Napoleonic Wars in the early 19th century they have become an accepted part of the armed forces of many countries around the world. The dragons are intelligent creatures, capable of human speech, and form strong bonds with their human handlers.

In the first novel, we were introduced to Will Laurence, a former Royal Navy Captain who becomes the handler of Temeraire, a dragon who hatches from an egg found on a captured French ship. Having trained together for service in Britain’s Aerial Corps, Laurence and Temeraire develop a close friendship, but when it emerges that Temeraire is one of a rare breed – a Chinese Celestial – it seems that they may have to be separated. Celestials are supposed to be reserved for royalty and the Chinese had intended Temeraire to be a gift for Napoleon. As Throne of Jade opens, a group of envoys have arrived from China to recover their rare dragon. Due to Temeraire’s bond with Laurence, the envoys agree to allow Laurence to accompany them back to China with the dragon and the Navy provides a dragon transport vessel, HMS Allegiance, for the voyage.

In 1805, when the novel is set, it takes many months to sail from Britain to China. This means that most of the story takes place at sea on board the Allegiance, which gives the book a transitional feel with the sense that you’re always waiting for the destination to be reached so that the plot can finally pick up pace. That’s not to say that nothing happens during the journey, because it does – there are encounters with the enemy, storms and sickness, and several possible attempts on Laurence’s life – but I did feel that it was very drawn out and I was pleased when the ship eventually arrived on the shores of China.

As with the first book, the writing style and language are suitable for the setting, with none of that inappropriately modern dialogue that can pull you out of the time period. Although the addition of the dragons and the Aerial Corps obviously means that a large part of the story is fictional, real historical events are still playing out in the background. During the voyage, Laurence and his companions receive news of the French victory at the Battle of Austerlitz and the death of the Prime Minister, William Pitt the Younger.

The long period spent at sea does allow for more character development and for some interesting conversations between Laurence and Temeraire in which Laurence begins to see things from Temeraire’s point of view and to understand how much he has taken for granted regarding the feelings and sensibilities of dragons. He also starts to discover that the Chinese people treat their dragons very differently than the British – and once in China, these differences become more obvious and pronounced. Even if he’s allowed to, will Temeraire want to return to Britain with Laurence after experiencing another way of life? I won’t tell you what happens, although knowing that there are another seven books in the series after this one does take away a lot of the suspense in that respect. Black Powder War is next and I’m looking forward to reading it, hopefully not after another break of eight years!

This is book 13/20 of my 20 Books of Summer 2023

This is book 34/50 for the 2023 Historical Fiction Reading Challenge.

The House with the Golden Door by Elodie Harper

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Elodie Harper’s The Wolf Den, about a group of women working in a brothel in ancient Pompeii, was one of my favourite books that I read last year. With the third book in the trilogy on its way, I decided to catch up this summer with the middle novel, The House with the Golden Door. This book picks up the story where The Wolf Den left off, so if you haven’t read the first book yet you may come across spoilers here that you would prefer to avoid.

The House with the Golden Door is again set in Pompeii just a few years before the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Amara has now escaped enslavement in the notorious Wolf Den and has started a new life as a courtesan under the patronage of the wealthy Rufus. She’s grateful for the opportunities Rufus has given her, but at the same time she misses the friends she’s left behind at the brothel and decides to do whatever it takes to rescue some of them too – a decision that she will begin to regret as it brings her back into the clutches of her old master and pimp, Felix. Life with Rufus also turns out to be not quite what Amara had hoped and she soon discovers that she’s not as ‘free’ as she had imagined.

Like The Wolf Den, this book is completely immersive and although it’s quite long at almost 500 pages, I was never bored. That’s partly because the Pompeii setting is so vivid and believable and partly because I find Amara such an engaging protagonist. In this book, we see her struggling to come to terms with her new status in life and the discovery that her freedom is not all she expected it to be. Despite her powerful new friends, she knows that she owes everything she has to Rufus and if he tires of her she’ll lose everything she has unless she can find another patron to take his place. This means she will always be under the control of one man or another, while not being free to be with the man she truly loves.

If Amara is experiencing conflicting emotions and loyalties, so is her old friend Victoria, who comes to join her in her new household. While grateful to leave her life of slavery at the Wolf Den, Victoria is still drawn to Felix despite everything, which is another source of worry for Amara. However, I enjoyed meeting one of the other Wolf Den women, the Iceni slave Britannica, again and watching her character develop as her grasp of the language improves and she finds her own unique place in Pompeii society. It was good to see that Amara at least has one loyal and protective friend!

Meanwhile, we’re drawing ever closer to the eruption of Vesuvius, of which the characters are still blissfully unaware although the reader has been anticipating it from the beginning. The final book in the trilogy, The Temple of Fortuna, is out in November and I’m looking forward to finding out how Amara’s story ends.

This is book 12/20 of my 20 Books of Summer 2023

This is book 33/50 for the 2023 Historical Fiction Reading Challenge.

Strangers on a Train by Patricia Highsmith

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Patricia Highsmith’s 1950 novel Strangers on a Train begins, as you might expect, with two strangers meeting on a train. One is Guy Haines, an aspiring architect who is on his way home to Metcalf, Texas to see his wife, Miriam, from whom he’s been separated for the last three years. Guy is hoping to secure a divorce from Miriam so that he can start a new life with Anne, the woman he loves. Although Miriam has so far been reluctant to agree to a divorce, she is now pregnant with another man’s child and Guy is optimistic that this will be a chance for both of them to move on.

The other stranger is Charles Bruno, a young man from a wealthy Long Island family. After falling into conversation on the train, Bruno invites Guy to come and eat with him in his private dining compartment. Guy doesn’t particularly like his new companion, but soon finds himself telling Bruno about his troubles with Miriam. In turn, Bruno confesses that he hates his father – and then makes a shocking suggestion. If Bruno were to kill Miriam on Guy’s behalf, there would be nothing to link him to the crime. Guy could then kill Bruno’s father and again there would be no motive and no connection. Two perfect murders! Horrified, Guy refuses to have anything to do with the plan and when the train reaches his destination he leaves Bruno behind, hoping he’ll never see him again. However, when Miriam is later found dead, Guy quickly begins to suspect the truth. Has Bruno gone ahead with the plan – and is he waiting for Guy to uphold his side of the bargain?

This is the first book I’ve read by Patricia Highsmith; I thought it would be a good idea to start with one of her most famous novels and this one proved to be a great choice. It reminded me very much of In a Lonely Place by Dorothy B. Hughes, another classic psychological thriller I read recently. Although I didn’t love this one quite as much, I did still enjoy it very much and found it a real page-turner, despite the fact that Highsmith often slows down the pace to concentrate on exploring the thought processes of Bruno and Guy as they each try to deal with the situation in their own way.

The novel is written from the perspectives of both men and although they are both interesting characters, Highsmith doesn’t make it easy for us to like either of them, particular the spoiled, immature and constantly drunk Bruno. We can have some sympathy for Guy at first, as he tries to resist getting involved in Bruno’s schemes, but he has his resolve gradually worn away as he comes under more and more pressure to carry out the murder and in turn becomes less likeable as the story progresses. The secondary characters are less well drawn – Anne and Miriam never fully come to life and we don’t get to know the other potential murder victim, Bruno’s father, at all, which lessens the emotional impact of the book. From a psychological point of view, however, I found this a fascinating novel.

If you’ve read any other Patricia Highsmith books, please tell me which one you think I should read next!

This is book 11/20 of my 20 Books of Summer 2023

It’s also book 41/50 from my second Classics Club list.

Fair Rosaline by Natasha Solomons

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Is Rosaline, whom thou didst love so dear,
So soon forsaken? young men’s love then lies
Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes.

If you’ve read or seen Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, you’ll remember Rosaline as the girl Romeo was infatuated with before meeting and falling in love with Juliet. We never actually meet Rosaline in the text of the play but her role is still important because she is the reason why Romeo attends the Capulet ball where he sees Juliet for the first time. In Natasha Solomons’ new novel, she gives Rosaline a voice of her own and tells the story of her relationship with Romeo Montague.

Rather than a simple retelling of Romeo and Juliet, Fair Rosaline is what the publisher has described as a ‘subversive, powerful untelling’. It wasn’t really what I had been expecting and I was quite surprised by the way Solomons chose to approach this novel.

First of all, as Shakespeare provides us with almost no information on Rosaline’s appearance and personality, Solomons has taken inspiration from some of his other characters with a similar name – Rosalind in As You Like It and Rosaline in Love’s Labour’s Lost – so that the woman we meet at the beginning of Fair Rosaline is a fully formed character. We join her just after the death of her mother, Emelia Capulet, when her father informs her that she is going to be sent to a nunnery. The horrified Rosaline suspects that he just wants to avoid having to pay a dowry if she marries, but he insists that it was actually her mother’s dying wish.

Granted a twelve day reprieve before being sent to join the nuns, Rosaline is determined to make the most of her last days of freedom. When she meets Romeo Montague and falls in love, she begins to hope that there’s still a chance of a happier future – until she makes a shocking discovery about him and breaks off their relationship. However, it seems that Romeo has turned his attentions to her younger, more vulnerable cousin Juliet. Can Rosaline save Juliet or will she be unable to prevent things from ending in tragedy?

I’ve always loved Romeo and Juliet – it contains some of the most beautiful language in all of Shakespeare’s work – and I’ve never questioned its position as one of the greatest tragic love stories of all time. Fair Rosaline, though, looks at the play through a completely different lens. Here, Romeo is not a romantic hero but a villain, a sexual predator who targets young girls and discards them when he loses interest in them. Solomons uses Juliet’s extreme youth (thirteen in the play) and the fact that Romeo’s exact age is not given, to suggest that he is an older man than we usually assume and to give their relationship a much darker tone than in the play. I think how much you’ll enjoy this book will depend on how much you can accept this new version of Romeo. Personally, I prefer characters in retellings to at least bear some resemblance to the originals and this Romeo didn’t, which was a big problem for me.

I’ve loved some of Natasha Solomons’ previous novels, particularly House of Gold and The Novel in the Viola, so I’m sorry I didn’t enjoy this one more. There were plenty of things I liked, such as the portrayal of Tybalt, who is also quite different from Shakespeare’s depiction – he is still the proud, impetuous and hot-tempered character we know, but seeing him through the eyes of his cousin Rosaline makes him much more sympathetic. I also found the setting interesting; as Solomons explains in her author’s note, there’s no evidence that Shakespeare ever visited Italy so she tried to capture the same feel, writing about Italy as though she had never been there and blending 14th century Verona with the Elizabethan England that would have been familiar to Shakespeare. I just wish she could have found a way to create a story for Rosaline and explore the difficulties facing medieval women without completely destroying Romeo’s character in the process.

Have you read any good retellings of Romeo and Juliet? O, Juliet by Robin Maxwell is another that left me slightly disappointed, so I would be interested in any other recommendations.

Thanks to Manilla Press for providing a copy of this book for review via NetGalley.

This is book 10/20 of my 20 Books of Summer 2023

This is book 32/50 for the 2023 Historical Fiction Reading Challenge.

The Orchid Hour by Nancy Bilyeau

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I’ve enjoyed everything I’ve read by Nancy Bilyeau – her Joanna Stafford Tudor Trilogy, her two Genevieve Planché thrillers set in the world of 18th century art, and Dreamland, her novel about a Coney Island theme park – so I couldn’t wait to start reading her new book, The Orchid Hour. The setting sounded intriguing: New York’s Little Italy during the 1920s, the Prohibition Era, so I was anticipating another good read.

The novel opens in 1923 and introduces us to Audenzia de Luca, known as Zia, a young Sicilian woman whose husband was killed in the Great War. Zia is trying to build a new life for herself and her son and has started working at the Seward Park branch of the New York Public Library while also helping out in her in-laws’ cheese shop in Little Italy. At work one day, she is approached by a regular visitor to the library who asks if she could translate an Italian text into English for him. Zia agrees, but before she can begin the task, the man is found shot dead outside the library.

When a second murder follows the first, a sequence of events is set in motion that leads Zia to the doors of The Orchid Hour, an elegant nightclub that also operates as a speakeasy, selling illicit alcohol in defiance of Prohibition. With the police investigation into the murders going nowhere, Zia decides to do whatever she can to uncover the truth. She believes The Orchid Hour holds the key to the mystery but when she discovers that her cousin Salvatore, to whom she is very close, is mixed up with the criminal underworld, she must find a way to bring the killer – or killers – to justice without endangering her own loved ones.

This is not my favourite of Nancy Bilyeau’s books, but with such a range of plots and settings, it’s inevitable that I’ll like some of them more than others and this was still a very enjoyable novel. It was interesting to read about Zia and her family and I found that I was learning a lot about the lives of Italian immigrants in 1920s New York, the way they were treated and the type of jobs open to them, as well as the constant threat of the Society of the Black Hand, who extorted protection money from their fellow Italians. The novel also explores other issues, such as attitudes towards Prohibition and why the police would sometimes turn a blind eye, and the best conditions for growing delicate orchids. Bilyeau’s Author’s Note at the end of the book describes some of her research and sources and tells us which of the characters were fictional and which were based on real people.

I found the mystery element of the book slightly less successful, particularly as several chapters are written from the perspective of one of the gangsters, so we knew who was involved in at least one of the murders right from the beginning. Still, I enjoyed this book for the historical detail and because it immersed me in a world I previously knew very little about.

Thanks to Lume Books for providing a copy of this book for review via NetGalley.

This is book 31/50 for the 2023 Historical Fiction Reading Challenge.